标题： 变形核的碰撞与超重元素的产生 显示英文标题

标题： Collisions of Deformed Nuclei and Superheavy-Element Production

摘要： 详细了解重离子碰撞中的完全融合截面需要考虑弹核和靶核形变的影响。 我们的目标是表明碰撞核的形变和取向对融合势垒高度以及接触构型的紧密性有非常显著的影响。 为了便于讨论形变核的融合构型，我们提出一种分类方案，并引入这些构型的符号约定。 我们讨论导致紧密接触构型以及对应于复合系统较低激发能的融合势垒高度的特定形变和取向。 这样的构型应该是产生超重元素最有利的。 我们分析了一些弹核-靶核组合，它们的形变允许有利的入射通道构型，并且质子和中子数使得复合系统处于超重元素区域的一部分，其中α衰变半衰期被计算为可观察的，即大于1微秒。 显示英文摘要

摘要： A detailed understanding of complete fusion cross sections in heavy-ion collisions requires a consideration of the effects of the deformation of the projectile and target. Our aim here is to show that deformation and orientation of the colliding nuclei have a very significant effect on the fusion-barrier height and on the compactness of the touching configuration. To facilitate discussions of fusion configurations of deformed nuclei, we develop a classification scheme and introduce a notation convention for these configurations. We discuss particular deformations and orientations that lead to compact touching configurations and to fusion-barrier heights that correspond to fairly low excitation energies of the compound systems. Such configurations should be the most favorable for producing superheavy elements. We analyse a few projectile-target combinations whose deformations allow favorable entrance-channel configurations and whose proton and neutron numbers lead to compound systems in a part of the superheavy region where alpha half-lives are calculated to be observable, that is, longer than 1 microsecond.