标题： 相对论性粒子碰撞初始状态的理论发展 显示英文标题

标题： Theoretical developments on the initial state in relativistic particle collisions

摘要： 我们讨论了近期在发展重离子碰撞精确初始状态描述方面的进展，重点关注基于弱耦合的方法，这些方法能够从深弹性散射或质子-核碰撞来约束核的高能结构。 我们回顾了最近在确定事件逐事件波动的核几何形状、以次领头阶精度描述胶子饱和现象以及将纵向动力学纳入初始状态描述方面的发展。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We discuss recent progress towards developing accurate initial state descriptions for heavy ion collisions focusing on weak coupling based approaches, that enable one to constrain the high-energy structure of nuclei from deep inelastic scattering or proton-nucleus collisions. We review recent developments to determine the event-by-event fluctuating nuclear geometry, to describe gluon saturation phenomena at next-to-leading order accuracy, and to include longitudinal dynamics to the initial state descriptions.