标题： QTF-Backbone：德国全国范围内量子技术、时间频率计量光纤主干网的提案 显示英文标题

标题： The QTF-Backbone: Proposal for a Nationwide Optical Fibre Backbone in Germany for Quantum Technology and Time and Frequency Metrology

摘要： 近期，在长距离光网络中量子信息和高精度时间频率（T&F）信号的传输方面取得了突破性进展，这在物理安全通信、全球导航卫星系统（GNSS）的韧性以及基础物理学领域具有变革潜力。 然而，到目前为止，这些能力仍然局限于孤立的试验平台，在德国等地，只有少数机构能够访问量子和T&F信号。 我们提出了QTF-Backbone：一个专门用于通过暗光纤和专用硬件联网分发量子和T&F信号的德国国家光纤基础设施。 QTF-Backbone计划在未来十年内分四个阶段部署，以确保研究机构和行业能够获得可扩展且可持续的访问权限。 该概念基于欧洲范围内高技术就绪度（TRL）的时间和频率分布的成功示范，包括德国的PTB-MPQ链路、法国的REFIMEVE以及意大利的LIFT网络。 QTF-Backbone将推动变革性的研发，支持全国范围内的QTF生态系统，并确保从创新到部署的过渡。 作为一个国家级和欧洲级枢纽，它将使德国和欧洲处于量子网络以及时间频率传输领域的前沿。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The recent breakthroughs in the distribution of quantum information and high-precision time and frequency (T&F) signals over long-haul optical fibre networks have transformative potential for physically secure communications, resilience of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and fundamental physics. However, so far these capabilities remain confined to isolated testbeds, with quantum and T&F signals accessible, for example in Germany, to only a few institutions. We propose the QTF-Backbone: a dedicated national fibre-optic infrastructure in Germany for the networked distribution of quantum and T&F signals using dark fibres and specialized hardware. The QTF-Backbone is planned as a four-phase deployment over ten years to ensure scalable, sustainable access for research institutions and industry. The concept builds on successful demonstrations of high-TRL time and frequency distribution across Europe, including PTB-MPQ links in Germany, REFIMEVE in France, and the Italian LIFT network. The QTF-Backbone will enable transformative R&D, support a nationwide QTF ecosystem, and ensure the transition from innovation to deployment. As a national and European hub, it will position Germany and Europe at the forefront of quantum networking, as well as time and frequency transfer.