标题： 微波光谱和镱里德伯态的多通道量子缺陷分析 显示英文标题

标题： Microwave spectroscopy and multi-channel quantum defect analysis of ytterbium Rydberg states

摘要： 镱原子的复杂里德伯结构由多个低能激发的离子核心态和强通道相互作用所塑造，这为量子信息处理和精密计量带来了机遇和挑战。 在本工作中，我们将高分辨率微波光谱和多通道量子缺陷理论（MQDT）建模方法从单激发的$6sn\ell$里德伯态扩展到$^{174}$Yb 和$^{171}$Yb，以包括$\ell = 3$ ($f$) 和$\ell = 4$ ($g$) 系列。 我们的测量揭示了$p$-$f$在$^{171}$Yb 的奇宇称里德伯态中的混合，我们通过结合 MQDT 模型对$6snp$和$6snf$系列进行了描述。 此外，我们观察到对于$\ell = 4$，自旋-轨道相互作用强于交换相互作用，因此$6sng$状态在$jj$耦合基中被更准确地描述。 我们通过将预测的 Landé$g$因子和静态电偶极极化率与实验测量进行比较来验证我们的模型，结果显示出很好的一致性。 这些结果为使用镱原子设计高保真度的纠缠门提供了重要的输入。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The complex Rydberg structure of ytterbium atoms is shaped by multiple low-lying ion-core-excited states and strong channel interactions, which presents both opportunities and challenges for quantum information processing and precision metrology. In this work, we extend high-resolution microwave spectroscopy and multichannel quantum defect theory (MQDT) modeling of singly excited $6sn\ell$ Rydberg states in $^{174}$Yb and $^{171}$Yb to include the $\ell = 3$ ($f$) and $\ell = 4$ ($g$) series. Our measurements reveal $p$-$f$ mixing in odd-parity Rydberg states of $^{171}$Yb, which we incorporate by combined MQDT models for $6snp$ and $6snf$ series. Additionally, we observe that for $\ell = 4$ the spin-orbit interaction dominates over the exchange interaction, such that the $6sng$ states are more accurately described in a $jj$-coupled basis. We validate our models by comparing the predicted Land\'e $g$-factors and static dipole polarizabilities with experimental measurements, finding excellent agreement. These results provide important input for designing high-fidelity entangling gates with ytterbium atoms.