标题： 实验文学中标点符号的统计——詹姆斯·乔伊斯的《芬尼根守灵夜》的显著案例 显示英文标题

标题： Statistics of punctuation in experimental literature -- the remarkable case of "Finnegans Wake" by James Joyce

摘要： 近期研究表明，标点符号的存在会在书面文本结构中形成模式，这些模式揭示了某些普遍性特征。 特别是基于大量经典文学作品的证据表明，以单词数量衡量的连续标点符号之间的距离服从离散威布尔分布——一种常用于生存分析的分布的离散变体。 本研究将标点符号使用模式的分析扩展到更多世界文学实验作品。 结果发现，标点符号间距离符合离散威布尔分布的情况同样适用于此。 然而，詹姆斯·乔伊斯的一些作品在这方面与众不同——即相关分布的尾部显著更厚，因此对应的危险函数并非典型散文文学中常见的非递减函数。 《芬尼根守灵夜》——这部让科学界为物质基本构成成分赋予“夸克”一词的作品，在这方面尤为突出。 同时，在所有研究的文本中，句子长度（表示句末标点符号间的距离）显示出更多的自由度，并不受离散威布尔分布的约束。 这种自由度在某些情况下会转化为长程非线性相关性，表现为多重分形特性。 同样地，在多重分形方面表现尤为惊人的文本也是《芬尼根守灵夜》。 显示英文摘要

摘要： As the recent studies indicate, the structure imposed onto written texts by the presence of punctuation develops patterns which reveal certain characteristics of universality. In particular, based on a large collection of classic literary works, it has been evidenced that the distances between consecutive punctuation marks, measured in terms of the number of words, obey the discrete Weibull distribution - a discrete variant of a distribution often used in survival analysis. The present work extends the analysis of punctuation usage patterns to more experimental pieces of world literature. It turns out that the compliance of the the distances between punctuation marks with the discrete Weibull distribution typically applies here as well. However, some of the works by James Joyce are distinct in this regard - in the sense that the tails of the relevant distributions are significantly thicker and, consequently, the corresponding hazard functions are decreasing functions not observed in typical literary texts in prose. "Finnegans Wake" - the same one to which science owes the word "quarks" for the most fundamental constituents of matter - is particularly striking in this context. At the same time, in all the studied texts, the sentence lengths - representing the distances between sentence-ending punctuation marks - reveal more freedom and are not constrained by the discrete Weibull distribution. This freedom in some cases translates into long-range nonlinear correlations, which manifest themselves in multifractality. Again, a text particularly spectacular in terms of multifractality is "Finnegans Wake".