标题： 治理作为一种复杂的、网络化的、民主的可满足性问题 显示英文标题

标题： Governance as a complex, networked, democratic, satisfiability problem

摘要： 民主政府是由一个群体组成，该群体的目标是产生连贯的决策，解决社会挑战的同时尊重人民的意愿。 新的治理框架将其表示为一个社会网络，而不是具有集中权力的层级金字塔。 但这个网络应该如何构建呢？ 我们将人口必须做出的决策建模为一个可满足性问题，并将决策过程中涉及的信息流结构建模为一个社会超图。 这个框架可以考虑不同的治理结构，从独裁到直接民主。 在这两个极端之间，我们发现了一种有效的治理制度，其中小规模的重叠决策小组做出具体决策并共享信息。 有效的治理即使在非连贯或两极分化的群体中也能以低协调成本做出连贯的决策。 除了模拟之外，我们的概念框架可以探索各种治理策略及其应对挑战标准政府的决策问题的能力。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Democratic governments comprise a subset of a population whose goal is to produce coherent decisions, solving societal challenges while respecting the will of the people. New governance frameworks represent this as a social network rather than as a hierarchical pyramid with centralized authority. But how should this network be structured? We model the decisions a population must make as a satisfiability problem and the structure of information flow involved in decision-making as a social hypergraph. This framework allows to consider different governance structures, from dictatorships to direct democracy. Between these extremes, we find a regime of effective governance where small overlapping decision groups make specific decisions and share information. Effective governance allows even incoherent or polarized populations to make coherent decisions at low coordination costs. Beyond simulations, our conceptual framework can explore a wide range of governance strategies and their ability to tackle decision problems that challenge standard governments.