标题： 物理定律的顺序 显示英文标题

标题： The Order of Physical Law

摘要： 第一阶法律关系指明了法律行为人的义务。 例如，不侵入他人的义务来源于第一阶法律。 第二阶法律关系通常涉及法律行为人有意的、自主的行为，行使法律权力以改变第一阶法律或法律关系。 例如，土地所有者可以行使第二阶权力，将另一法律行为人的不侵入义务转变为进入土地所有者财产的法律许可。 本文将法律秩序的概念进行适应性调整，提出了一种关于第一阶及更高阶物理定律的理论，主张当前的物理理论隐含地（且错误地）假设几乎所有物理过程都可以用第一阶定律进行建模。 将法律模型中的第二阶及更高阶结构融入物理理论，为物理学中问题的表述提供了一种新方法，例如量子测量的过程。 具体而言，量子测量更应被解释为一种根本的第二阶物理过程，它改变了支配量子系统演化的第一阶物理“微观定律”。 显示英文摘要

摘要： First-order legal relations specify the duties of legal actors. For instance, the duty not to trespass derives from a first-order law. Second-order legal relations generally concern the intentional, volitional acts of legal actors exercising legal powers to change first-order laws or legal relations. For example, a landowner may exercise a second-order power to change another legal actor's duty not to trespass into a legal permission to enter the landowner's property. This article adapts the notion of legal order to propose a theory of first- and higher-order physical laws, contending that current physical theories implicitly (and wrongly) assume that essentially all physical processes can be modeled using first-order laws. Incorporating second- and higher-order structures from legal models into physical theories provides a novel approach for framing problems in physics, such as the process of quantum measurement. Specifically, quantum measurement is better explained as a fundamentally second-order physical process that alters the underlying first-order physical "microlaws" governing the evolution of the quantum system.