标题： 统计物理中的自我复制 显示英文标题

标题： Statistical Physics of Self-Replication

摘要： 自我复制是所有生物物种共有的能力，简单的物理直觉表明，这一过程必然由熵的产生来驱动。 在这里，我们通过推导与热浴耦合的系统在自我复制过程中产生的热量的下限，使这种直觉变得严格和定量。 我们发现，物理允许的热量产生率的最小值由复制体的增长速率、内部熵和耐久性决定，并我们讨论了这一发现对细菌细胞分裂以及非生物环境中自我复制核酸出现的影响。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Self-replication is a capacity common to every species of living thing, and simple physical intuition dictates that such a process must invariably be fueled by the production of entropy. Here, we undertake to make this intuition rigorous and quantitative by deriving a lower bound for the amount of heat that is produced during a process of self-replication in a system coupled to a thermal bath. We find that the minimum value for the physically allowed rate of heat production is determined by the growth rate, internal entropy, and durability of the replicator, and we discuss the implications of this finding for bacterial cell division, as well as for the pre-biotic emergence of self-replicating nucleic acids.