标题： 世界贸易网络的谷歌矩阵 显示英文标题

标题： Google matrix of the world trade network

摘要： 使用联合国商品贸易统计数据库[http://comtrade.un.org/db/]，我们构建了世界贸易网络的Google矩阵，并分析了从1962年到2009年所有国家和所有可用年份的各种贸易商品的属性。此网络上的贸易流量通过PageRank和CheiRank算法进行分类，这些算法是为万维网和其他大规模有向网络开发的。对于世界贸易，这种排名方式使所有国家在民主基础上平等对待，而不论国家的财富。然而，这种方法将一组工业发达国家置于贸易中的顶部，即{\it 所有商品}。我们的研究证实了富国和穷国的两个稳固的类似固体状态的领域，它们在时间上保持稳定，而大多数国家被显示处于具有强烈排名波动的类似气体的状态。一个简单的随机矩阵模型能够很好地描述二维排名平面上国家的统计分布。与通常的出口和进口排名比较，突显了我们方法的新特点和可能性。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Using the United Nations Commodity Trade Statistics Database [http://comtrade.un.org/db/] we construct the Google matrix of the world trade network and analyze its properties for various trade commodities for all countries and all available years from 1962 to 2009. The trade flows on this network are classified with the help of PageRank and CheiRank algorithms developed for the World Wide Web and other large scale directed networks. For the world trade this ranking treats all countries on equal democratic grounds independent of country richness. Still this method puts at the top a group of industrially developed countries for trade in {\it all commodities}. Our study establishes the existence of two solid state like domains of rich and poor countries which remain stable in time, while the majority of countries are shown to be in a gas like phase with strong rank fluctuations. A simple random matrix model provides a good description of statistical distribution of countries in two-dimensional rank plane. The comparison with usual ranking by export and import highlights new features and possibilities of our approach.