标题： 通过核自旋波函数指纹实现单分子的埃尺度磁共振成像 显示英文标题

标题： Angstrom-resolution magnetic resonance imaging of single molecules via wavefunction fingerprints of nuclear spins

摘要： 核磁共振（NMR）的单分子灵敏度和磁共振成像（MRI）的埃尺度分辨率是磁学显微镜中的最高挑战。 动态解耦（DD）增强的金刚石量子传感的最新发展已经实现了单核NMR和纳米尺度NMR。 与传统的NMR和MRI类似，当前基于DD的量子传感利用目标核自旋的频率指纹。 由于本质上无法分辨具有相同噪声频率的不同核自旋，也无法区分核自旋簇中不同类型的关联，这限制了单分子MRI的分辨率。 在这里，我们展示了一种方法，通过使用目标核自旋的波函数指纹来克服这一限制，这种方法在共振DD控制下对目标与传感器之间的弱超精细相互作用更为敏感。 我们展示了一种埃尺度MRI方案，能够计数并单独定位相同频率的单个核自旋，并表征核自旋簇中的关联。 一个靠近金刚石表面的氮空位中心自旋传感器，如果未来通过表面工程改善其相干时间，可用于以埃尺度确定同位素标记单分子的位置和构象。 本文中的方案提供了一种突破传统MRI中频率梯度设定的分辨率限制的方法，并达到埃尺度的分辨率。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Single-molecule sensitivity of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and angstrom resolution of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are the highest challenges in magnetic microscopy. Recent development in dynamical-decoupling- (DD) enhanced diamond quantum sensing has enabled single-nucleus NMR and nanoscale NMR. Similar to conventional NMR and MRI, current DD-based quantum sensing utilizes the frequency fingerprints of target nuclear spins. The frequency fingerprints by their nature cannot resolve different nuclear spins that have the same noise frequency or differentiate different types of correlations in nuclear-spin clusters, which limit the resolution of single-molecule MRI. Here we show that this limitation can be overcome by using wave-function fingerprints of target nuclear spins, which is much more sensitive than the frequency fingerprints to the weak hyperfine interaction between the targets and a sensor under resonant DD control. We demonstrate a scheme of angstrom-resolution MRI that is capable of counting and individually localizing single nuclear spins of the same frequency and characterizing the correlations in nuclear-spin clusters. A nitrogen-vacancy-center spin sensor near a diamond surface, provided that the coherence time is improved by surface engineering in the near future, may be employed to determine with angstrom resolution the positions and conformation of single molecules that are isotope labeled. The scheme in this work offers an approach to breaking the resolution limit set by the frequency gradients in conventional MRI and to reaching the angstrom-scale resolution.