标题： 探索具有里德伯原子设施的接近临界点格点规范模拟器 显示英文标题

标题： Exploring near critical lattice gauge simulators with Rydberg atoms facilities

摘要： 我们提出使用里德伯原子阶梯作为格点规范理论的模拟器，用于标量电动力学，也称为紧致阿贝尔希格斯模型。 我们证明，通过使用单个阶梯模拟器的几千次测量，可以估计双部分量子冯·诺依曼纠缠熵$S^{vN}_A$。 该估计依赖于对从名为 Aquila 的可配置里德伯阵列的公共设施中获得的位字符串相关互信息的优化过滤。 我们讨论与有限采样、排序保真度、绝热制备、测量前拉低拉比频率以及读出错误相关的限制。 我们使用累积概率分布将 Aquila 的结果与高精度密度矩阵重整化群 (DMRG) 或精确结果进行比较。 状态制备似乎是主要的误差来源。 我们讨论累积概率分布的大体积行为，并展示了一些例子，其中对于有限数量的测量，似乎存在足够大的尺寸，使得任何给定的状态以高概率最多出现一次。 我们表明，所呈现的结果可以扩展到多部分纠缠。 我们简要讨论在获得近未来量子优势的背景下，大规模正方形阵列的计算成本。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We motivate the use of a ladder of Rydberg atoms as an analog simulator for a lattice gauge theory version of scalar electrodynamics also called the compact Abelian Higgs model. We demonstrate that by using a few thousand shots from a single copy of the ladder simulator it is possible to estimate the bipartite quantum von Neumann entanglement entropy $S^{vN}_A$. The estimation relies on an optimized filtration of the mutual information associated with the bitstrings obtained from public facilities of configurable Rydberg arrays named Aquila. We discuss the limitations associated with finite sampling, sorting fidelity, adiabatic preparation, ramp-down of the Rabi frequency before measurement, and readout errors. We use cumulative probability distribution to compare Aquila results with high accuracy density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) or exact results. The state preparation appears to be the main source of error. We discuss the large volume behavior of the cumulative probability distribution and show examples where for a finite number of shots, there appears to be some large enough size for which any given state is seen at most once with high probability. We show that the results presented can be extended to multipartite entanglement. We briefly discuss the cost of the calculations for large square arrays in the context of obtaining quantum advantage in the near future.