标题： 量子材料中畴壁重配置动力学的微观起源通过量子模拟 显示英文标题

标题： Microscopic Origin of Domain Wall Reconfiguration Dynamics in a Quantum Material via Quantum Simulation

摘要： 理解量子材料如何从亚稳态弛豫是凝聚态物理中的一个基本挑战。 在层状二硫化物 1T-TaS$_2$中，富含畴壁的极化子纹理通过重新配置事件演变为均匀基态，这些事件表现出从热激活到温度无关行为的交叉——表明存在量子隧穿。 在此，我们采用二维横向场伊辛模型（TFIM）的量子模拟，并引入纵向偏置，以揭示这种弛豫背后的微观过程。 通过施里弗-沃尔夫变换，我们将 TFIM 映射到一个硬核玻色子模型，揭示出单极化子隧穿事件而非集体多粒子跃迁主导了畴壁运动。 对不同横向场 $h_x$下重新配置速率的尺度分析显示，当温度按 $T \to h_x^n T$进行重标度时出现坍缩，其中 $n \approx 1.2$，证实了第一和第二类单粒子过程的主导地位。 这使我们能够重构一个由循环极化子泄漏随后跟随隧穿事件级联组成的微观弛豫路径。 我们的结果确立了量子模拟作为推断强关联系统实空间机制的强大工具，并展示了一种将有效自旋模型与量子材料非平衡动力学相衔接的具体策略。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Understanding how quantum materials relax from metastable states poses a fundamental challenge in condensed matter physics. In the layered dichalcogenide 1T-TaS$_2$, domain-wall-rich polaronic textures evolve toward a uniform ground state through reconfiguration events that exhibit a crossover from thermally activated to temperature-independent behavior-indicative of quantum tunneling. Here, we employ quantum simulation of a two-dimensional transverse-field Ising model (TFIM) with longitudinal bias to uncover the microscopic processes underlying this relaxation. Using a Schrieffer-Wolff transformation, we map the TFIM to a hardcore boson model, revealing that single-polaron tunneling events, rather than collective multi-particle transitions, dominate domain wall motion. A scaling analysis of reconfiguration rates across varying transverse fields $h_x$ shows collapse when temperature is rescaled as $T \to h_x^n T$ with $n \approx 1.2$, confirming the dominance of first- and second-order single-particle processes. This enables us to reconstruct a microscopic relaxation pathway consisting of cyclical polaron leakage followed by cascades of tunneling events. Our results establish quantum simulation as a powerful tool for inferring real-space mechanisms in strongly correlated systems and demonstrate a concrete strategy for bridging effective spin models with the non-equilibrium dynamics of quantum materials.