标题： 移民乌尔姆模型——渐近性质与应用 显示英文标题

标题： Immigrated urn models - asymptotic properties and applications

摘要： urn 模型已在科学与社会科学学科中得到广泛研究和应用。在临床研究中，采用 urn 模型的治疗分配方案已被证明对研究人员（通过提供更有效的临床试验）和患者（通过提高接受更好治疗的可能性）都有益处。本文提出了一类新的通用移民 urn（IMU）模型，该模型将移民机制引入 urn 过程中。开发了理论性质并讨论了 IMU 模型的优势。一般来说，IMU 模型比经典的 urn 模型具有较小的变异性，在应用中产生更有力的统计推断。给出了说明性例子以展示 IMU 模型的广泛应用性。所提出的 IMU 框架（包括许多流行的经典 urn 模型），不仅为我们理解 urn 过程提供了统一的视角，还使我们能够生成一些具有理想性质的新 urn 模型。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Urn models have been widely studied and applied in both scientific and social science disciplines. In clinical studies, the adoption of urn models in treatment allocation schemes has been proved to be beneficial to both researchers, by providing more efficient clinical trials, and patients, by increasing the likelihood of receiving the better treatment. In this paper, we propose a new and general class of immigrated urn (IMU) models that incorporates the immigration mechanism into the urn process. Theoretical properties are developed and the advantages of the IMU models are discussed. In general, the IMU models have smaller variabilities than the classical urn models, yielding more powerful statistical inferences in applications. Illustrative examples are presented to demonstrate the wide applicability of the IMU models. The proposed IMU framework, including many popular classical urn models, not only offers a unify perspective for us to comprehend the urn process, but also enables us to generate several novel urn models with desirable properties.