标题： 位错在晶体晶格中的动力学（佩尔斯-纳巴罗）弛豫 显示英文标题

标题： Dislocation Dynamics in a Crystal Lattice (Peierls-Nabarro) Relief

摘要： 位错在晶体晶格周期势垒（Peierls-Nabarro势垒）中的运动理论被回顾。 基于扭折机制，描述了广泛材料的流动应力随温度的变化关系。 量子力学位错通过Peierls-Nabarro势垒的理论被扩展，并与低温下碱金属卤化物、体心立方和六方密堆积金属塑性实验数据进行了比较。 在无热异常范围内，流动应力的行为通过将位错运动机制从热激活跃迁转变为量子隧穿来建模。 以前计算的一些结果以更明确且便于应用的形式呈现。 基于电子子系统耗散性质的变化影响位错运动，解释了正常态和超导态之间切换对金属流动应力的显著影响。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The theory of the dislocation motion in the periodic potential relief of the crystal lattice (the Peierls-Nabarro barriers) is reviewed. On the basis of the kink mechanism the temperature dependence of the flow stress is described for a wide class of materials. The theory of quantum mechanical dislocation tunnelling through the Peierls-Nabarro barriers is extended and compared with experimental data on the plasticity of alkali halides, BCC and HCP metals at low temperatures. The behavior of the flow stress at the range of athermic anomalies is modeled by changing the mechanism of the dislocation motion from the thermally activated hopping over the barriers to the quantum tunnelling through them. Some results of previous calculations are represented in a more explicit convenient for applications form. The pronounced effect of the switching between the normal and the superconducting states on the flow stress of metals is explained on the basis of the change in the dissipative properties of the electron subsystem affecting the dislocation motion.