标题： 黑洞潮汐俘获与星系中心的耀发 显示英文标题

标题： Tidal Capture by a Black Hole and Flares in Galactic Centres

摘要： 我们展示了星系中心超大质量黑洞潮汐俘获和摧毁一个天体的显著特征。由于与黑洞强引力场的相互作用，该天体的光变曲线可以在约100秒的时间尺度上出现急剧增强 \times (M_{bh} / 10^6 M_{太阳的})。 我们的模拟表明，广义相对论在此次事件的后期阶段以两种方式起到了关键作用：(i)由于近日点进动，潮汐破坏更加严重；(ii)光线偏折和光的折射效应产生并增强了远处观测者看到的爆发。我们给出了太阳型恒星潮汐瓦解情况下的结果。我们也讨论了在银河系中心观测到的两次最强爆发。虽然第一次是在X射线波段观测到的，而第二次是在红外波段观测到的，但它们几乎有着相同的光变曲线，并且我们发现用一种相当简单的潮汐瓦解的彗星状或行星状天体模型来拟合红外爆发是非常有趣的。我们讨论了这一模型以及此类事件可能发生的场景。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We present the telltale signature of the tidal capture and disruption of an object by a massive black hole in a galactic centre. As a result of the interaction with the black hole's strong gravitational field, the object's light curve can flare-up with characteristic time of the order of 100 sec \times (M_{bh} / 10^6 M_{Solar}). Our simulations show that general relativity plays a crucial role in the late stages of the encounter in two ways: (i) due to the precession of perihelion, tidal disruption is more severe, and (ii) light bending and aberration of light produce and enhance flares seen by a distant observer. We present our results for the case of a tidally disrupted Solar-type star. We also discuss the two strongest flares that have been observed at the Galactic centre. Although the first was observed in X-rays and the second in infra-red, they have almost identical light curves and we find it interesting that it is possible to fit the infra-red flare with a rather simple model of the tidally disrupted comet-like or planetary object. We discuss the model and possible scenarios how such an event can occur.