标题： 恒星模型：确凿的证据、开放性问题与未来发展 显示英文标题

标题： Stellar models: firm evidence, open questions and future developments

摘要： 在过去十年里，我们对恒星的演化特性有了显著的了解。 这一成果得益于我们对不同恒星质量范围和/或演化阶段所特有的热状态下的恒星物质物理行为的深入理解。 然而，尽管如此，当前一代恒星模型仍然受到一些不可忽略的不确定性的影响，这些问题源于我们对某些热力学过程和核反应速率以及混合效率的匮乏认知。 这些缺陷在将理论与观测进行对比以推导出单星和整体星族的演化特性时，必须得到适当考虑。 本文综述了主演化阶段的主要不确定性来源，并强调了它们对群体综合技术的影响。 显示英文摘要

摘要： During this last decade our knowledge of the evolutionary properties of stars has significantly improved. This result has been achieved thanks to our improved understanding of the physical behavior of stellar matter in the thermal regimes characteristic of the different stellar mass ranges and/or evolutionary stages. This notwithstanding, the current generation of stellar models is still affected by several, not negligible, uncertainties related to our poor knowledge of some thermodynamical processes and nuclear reaction rates, as well as the efficiency of mixing processes. These drawbacks have to be properly taken into account when comparing theory with observations, to derive evolutionary properties of both resolved and unresolved stellar populations. In this paper we review the major sources of uncertainty along the main evolutionary stages, and emphasize their impact on population synthesis techniques.