标题： 室女座流中的暗能量主导 显示英文标题

标题： Dark energy domination in the Virgocentric flow

摘要： 标准\LambdaCDM 宇宙学模型表明，所有天体都嵌入在一个完全均匀的暗能量背景中，该背景由爱因斯坦的宇宙常数表示，并经历其排斥性的反重力作用。 暗能量是否在小宇宙尺度以及全局上都能产生强烈的动力学效应？ 为了进一步澄清这个问题，我们现在关注室女座星系团及其周围的膨胀流。 我们利用一个新的星系速度和距离数据库，对星系团及其环境中的哈勃图进行解释，使用一种非线性分析模型，该模型以牛顿力学的方式包含反重力作用。 关键参数是零重力半径，即引力和反重力平衡的距离。 我们的结论是：1. 星系团的引力与暗能量背景的反重力之间的相互作用决定了系统的运动学结构并控制其演化。 2. 引力主导着准静态束缚的星系团，而反重力控制着室女座中心流，使流呈现出秩序和规律性，在距离\ga 15 Mpc 处达到线性和全局哈勃率。 3. 星系团和流形成类似于本星系群及其外流的系统。 在速度-距离图中，星系团-流结构以大约10倍的缩放因子再现了星系群-流结构；星系团系统的零重力半径也大10倍。 在1-30 Mpc尺度上的系统相位和动力学相似性表明，两组分模式可能适用于星系群和星系团：一个准静态束缚的核心部分和围绕它的膨胀外流，这是由于非线性引力-反重力相互作用，其中暗能量在外流部分占主导地位。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The standard \LambdaCDM cosmological model implies that all celestial bodies are embedded in a perfectly uniform dark energy background, represented by Einstein's cosmological constant, and experience its repulsive antigravity action. Can dark energy have strong dynamical effects on small cosmic scales as well as globally? Continuing our efforts to clarify this question, we focus now on the Virgo Cluster and the flow of expansion around it. We interpret the Hubble diagram, from a new database of velocities and distances of galaxies in the cluster and its environment, using a nonlinear analytical model which incorporates the antigravity force in terms of Newtonian mechanics. The key parameter is the zero-gravity radius, the distance at which gravity and antigravity are in balance. Our conclusions are: 1. The interplay between the gravity of the cluster and the antigravity of the dark energy background determines the kinematical structure of the system and controls its evolution. 2. The gravity dominates the quasi-stationary bound cluster, while the antigravity controls the Virgocentric flow, bringing order and regularity to the flow, which reaches linearity and the global Hubble rate at distances \ga 15 Mpc. 3. The cluster and the flow form a system similar to the Local Group and its outflow. In the velocity-distance diagram, the cluster-flow structure reproduces the group-flow structure with a scaling factor of about 10; the zero-gravity radius for the cluster system is also 10 times larger. The phase and dynamical similarity of the systems on the scales of 1-30 Mpc suggests that a two-component pattern may be universal for groups and clusters: a quasi-stationary bound central component and an expanding outflow around it, due to the nonlinear gravity-antigravity interplay with the dark energy dominating in the flow component.