标题： 揭示真空：致密星中真空不稳定性最终状态 显示英文标题

标题： The vacuum revealed: the final state of vacuum instabilities in compact stars

摘要： 致密星中的量子场可能由于半经典的不稳定性而被放大。 这种标量场与曲率耦合的通用特性可能会影响相对论恒星的诞生和平衡结构。 我们指出，半经典不稳定性有一个经典对应物，它恰好发生在参数空间的同一区域。 对于负耦合参数值，这种不稳定性等同于众所周知的“自发标量化”效应：不稳定性可能的最终状态是一种静态、渐近平坦的平衡构型，其中量子场具有非零的期望值，这在弱场区域与实验一致，并且在能量上通常优于广义相对论中的恒星解。 对于正耦合参数值，新的构型在能量上不利，不稳定性终点仍是一个开放且有趣的问题。 真空不稳定性可能提供了一种自然机制，以产生自发标量化，从而通过致密星的天体物理观测为探测真空能量的本质提供了新的实验机会。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Quantum fields in compact stars can be amplified due to a semiclassical instability. This generic feature of scalar fields coupled to curvature may affect the birth and the equilibrium structure of relativistic stars. We point out that the semiclassical instability has a classical counterpart, which occurs exactly in the same region of the parameter space. For negative values of the coupling parameter the instability is equivalent to the well-known "spontaneous scalarization" effect: the plausible end-state of the instability is a static, asymptotically flat equilibrium configuration with nonzero expectation value for the quantum fields, which is compatible with experiments in the weak-field regime and energetically favored over stellar solutions in general relativity. For positive values of the coupling parameter the new configurations are energetically disfavored, and the end-point of the instability remains an open and interesting issue. The vacuum instability may provide a natural mechanism to produce spontaneous scalarization, leading to new experimental opportunities to probe the nature of vacuum energy via astrophysical observations of compact stars.