标题： 黑洞中的转动项与量子简并 显示英文标题

标题： Rotational terms and quantum degeneracy in black holes

摘要： 人们认为黑洞力学的第一定律没有独立的物理意义，只有在将其与热力学第一定律相认同后才获得这种意义。 本文论证了黑洞力学的第一定律具有直接的物理意义：不仅项$\Omega dJ$而且其所有项都具有相同的机械含义——黑洞在真实空间或内部空间中的旋转动能。 此外，还表明克尔-纽曼黑洞是一个非简并平面自旋系统的系统，由黑洞力学第一定律中的相应项表示。 发现退化出现的原因是黑洞的能量并不依赖于与黑洞面积相关的黑洞内角动量在哪里被确定在视界上。 显示英文摘要

摘要： It is believed that the first law of black-hole mechanics has no independent physical significance and acquires it only after identifying with the first law of thermodynamics. It is argued here that the first law of black-hole mechanics has a direct physical significance: not only the term $\Omega dJ$ but all its terms have the same mechanical meaning - the rotational kinetic energy of a black hole in real or in an internal space. Moreover, it is shown that the Kerr-Newman black hole is a system of non-degenerate plane rotators represented by the corresponding terms in the first law of black-hole mechanics. It is found that a degeneracy arises because the energy of a black hole does not depend on where an internal angular momentum of a black hole associated with the black hole area is determined on the horizon.