标题： 旋转托卡马克等离子体在无碰撞区域的运动学描述 显示英文标题

标题： Kinetic description of rotating Tokamak plasmas with anisotropic temperatures in the collisionless regime

摘要： 在受控聚变研究中一个 largely unsolved 的理论问题是，对发生在无碰撞和磁化轴对称等离子体中的缓慢时间变化等离子体状态进行一致的\textit{动力的}处理。 现象可能包括有限的压力各向异性以及强环向和极向差速旋转，这是托卡马克等离子体的特征。 尽管聚变等离子体中发生的物理现象从根本上依赖于微观粒子相空间动力学，但它们的一致性动力学处理至今仍然基本上未被解决。 本文的目标是在这个框架下解决这个问题 Vlasov-Maxwell 描述。 采用带电粒子动力学的gyrokinetic处理方法，用于构建准稳态物种动力学分布函数的渐近解。 这些解是用粒子的精确和绝热不变量来表示的。 该理论基于一种微扰方法，允许构建Vlasov-Maxwell系统的渐近解析解。 这样，既包括了 diamagnetic 也包括了能量修正，一致地纳入理论中。 特别是，通过施加合适的动力学约束，指出了广义双麦克斯韦渐近动力学平衡的存在。 该理论适用于环向旋转速度与离子热速度同阶的情况。 这些解也始终满足由麦克斯韦方程所施加的约束，即准中性条件和安培定律。 因此，结果表明，在存在非均匀流体和电磁场的情况下，这些动力学平衡可以同时维持环向差速旋转、准稳态的有限极向流动和温度各向异性。 显示英文摘要

摘要： A largely unsolved theoretical issue in controlled fusion research is the consistent \textit{kinetic} treatment of slowly-time varying plasma states occurring in collisionless and magnetized axisymmetric plasmas. The phenomenology may include finite pressure anisotropies as well as strong toroidal and poloidal differential rotation, characteristic of Tokamak plasmas. Despite the fact that physical phenomena occurring in fusion plasmas depend fundamentally on the microscopic particle phase-space dynamics, their consistent kinetic treatment remains still essentially unchalleged to date. The goal of this paper is to address the problem within the framework of Vlasov-Maxwell description. The gyrokinetic treatment of charged particles dynamics is adopted for the construction of asymptotic solutions for the quasi-stationary species kinetic distribution functions. These are expressed in terms of the particle exact and adiabatic invariants. The theory relies on a perturbative approach, which permits to construct asymptotic analytical solutions of the Vlasov-Maxwell system. In this way, both diamagnetic and energy corrections are included consistently into the theory. In particular, by imposing suitable kinetic constraints, the existence of generalized bi-Maxwellian asymptotic kinetic equilibria is pointed out. The theory applies for toroidal rotation velocity of the order of the ion thermal speed. These solutions satisfy identically also the constraints imposed by the Maxwell equations, i.e. quasi-neutrality and Ampere's law. As a result, it is shown that, in the presence of non-uniform fluid and EM fields, these kinetic equilibria can sustain simultaneously toroidal differential rotation, quasi-stationary finite poloidal flows and temperature anisotropy.