标题： 1:1匹配队列研究和双胞胎研究的分析，具有二元暴露和二元结局 显示英文标题

标题： Analysis of 1:1 Matched Cohort Studies and Twin Studies, with Binary Exposures and Binary Outcomes

摘要： 为了改进混杂因素的调整，观察性研究常常基于潜在的混杂因素进行匹配。 虽然配对病例对照研究在文献中很常见且有充分讨论，但我们的重点是配对队列研究，这种研究在文献中较少见且讨论不多。 匹配的数据也自然出现在双胞胎研究中，因为暴露不一致的双胞胎队列可以被视为在大量潜在混杂因素上进行了匹配。 我们将特别关注双胞胎研究的分析。 我们概述了针对二元暴露和二元结局的配对队列研究的各种分析方法。 特别是，我们的目标是回答以下问题：（1）常用分析方法中的目标参数是什么？（2）这些方法的基本假设是什么？（3）这些方法在统计功效方面如何比较？ 显示英文摘要

摘要： To improve confounder adjustments, observational studies are often matched on potential confounders. While matched case-control studies are common and well covered in the literature, our focus here is on matched cohort studies, which are less common and sparsely discussed in the literature. Matched data also arise naturally in twin studies, as a cohort of exposure-discordant twins can be viewed as being matched on a large number of potential confounders. The analysis of twin studies will be given special attention. We give an overview of various analysis methods for matched cohort studies with binary exposures and binary outcomes. In particular, our aim is to answer the following questions: (1) What are the target parameters in the common analysis methods? (2) What are the underlying assumptions in these methods? (3) How do the methods compare in terms of statistical power?