标题： 假 plunge 实际上是伪装成非常偏心的真实 EMRI 事件……它们主导了速率，并且 blissfully 不受角动量障碍的影响。 显示英文标题

标题： Fake plunges are very eccentric real EMRIs in disguise ... they dominate the rates and are blissfully ignorant of angular momentum barriers

摘要： 由大质量黑洞（MBH）捕获致密天体于星系核是描绘其周围时空的最佳方式。 诸如高偏心率轨道上的恒星级黑洞之类的致密天体曾被错误地认为在经历一次强烈的辐射爆发后便“直接坠入”黑洞，从而从系统中丢失。 我们证明，如果中心MBH自旋，则这些极高偏心率的捕获轨道实际上在类似LISA的探测器中所经历的循环次数与较低偏心率轨道的数量相当。 尽管高偏心率的EMRI事件率较高，但自旋同样会增强低偏心率EMRI事件率。 由于高偏心率的EMRI事件曾被认为可能是直接坠入而被忽略，因此这种低偏心率事件受到了更多关注。 另一方面，近期关于恒星动力学的研究表明，在这些低偏心率捕获过程中似乎存在一个相空间中的共谋现象，因为轨道角动量变化速率的阻滞会导致其事件率显著下降。 这个所谓的“史瓦西壁垒”是相对论进动对恒星势能扭矩影响的结果，因此它会影响由共振弛豫预期的低偏心率EMRI增强。 我们使用了包含2500次直接求和N体模拟的统计样本，既采用后牛顿方法，也首次采用测地线近似方法来研究相对论轨道，从而确认并量化了这一壁垒的存在。 该壁垒的存在阻止了“传统EMRI”接近中心MBH，但如果中心MBH在自旋，则事件率仍将主要由高度偏心的极端质量比螺旋轨道主导，因为它们是由两体弛豫驱动的，并且毫不顾忌壁垒的存在。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The capture of a compact object in a galactic nucleus by a massive black hole (MBH) is the best way to map space and time around it. Compact objects such as stellar black holes on a capture orbit with a very high eccentricity have been wrongly assumed to be lost for the system after an intense burst of radiation, which has been described as a "direct plunge". We prove that these very eccentric capture orbits spend actually a similar number of cycles in a LISA-like detector as those with lower eccentricities if the central MBH is spinning. Although the rates are higher for high-eccentricity EMRIs, the spin also enhances the rates of lower-eccentricity EMRIs. This last kind have received more attention because of the fact that high-eccentricity EMRIs were thought to be direct plunges and thus negligible. On the other hand, recent work on stellar dynamics has demonstrated that there seems to be a complot in phase space acting on these lower-eccentricity captures, since their rates decrease significantly by the presence of a blockade in the rate at which orbital angular momenta change takes place. This so-called "Schwarzschild barrier" is a result of the impact of relativistic precession on to the stellar potential torques, and thus it affects the enhancement on lower-eccentricity EMRIs that one would expect from resonant relaxation. We confirm and quantify the existence of this barrier using a statitical sample of 2,500 direct-summation N-body simulations using both a post-Newtonian but also, and for the first time, a geodesic approximation for the relativistic orbits. The existence of the barrier prevents "traditional EMRIs" from approaching the central MBH, but if the central MBH is spinning the rate will be anyway dominated by highly-eccentric extreme-mass ratio inspirals, which insolently ignore the presence of the barrier, because they are driven by two-body relaxation.