标题： 量子延迟选择与薛定谔猫状光束分离器 显示英文标题

标题： Quantum delayed-choice with a Schrödinger cat-like beam splitter

摘要： 量子系统是表现出粒子行为还是波行为，取决于实验设置的选择，这由延迟选择实验加以说明。 在之前的延迟选择实验的量子版本中，光子的波和粒子行为与一个辅助系统状态相关，该辅助系统控制马赫-曾德尔干涉仪输出分束器执行的变换，而分束器本身是一个经典物体。 通过贝尔不等式的违反来验证光子行为的量子性质。 在这里，我们提出一种根本不同的量子延迟选择实验，在这种实验中，原子的行为与相干场的振幅纠缠，该相干场在拉姆齐干涉仪中作为真正的量子分束器起作用。 可以通过其威格纳函数的振荡和负值来验证这个分束器的量子行为。 我们的方案不仅提供了一种绕过贝尔测试障碍的方法，还允许观察从量子设备到经典设备的过渡。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Whether a quantum system behaves as a particle or as a wave depends on the choice of the experimental setup, as illustrated by the delayed-choice experiments. In the previous quantum version of delayed choice experiments the wave and particle behavior of a photon is correlated with the state of an ancilla controlling the transformation performed by the output beam splitter of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, while the beam splitter itself is a classical object. The quantum nature of the photon's behavior is verified via violation of Bell inequality. Here we suggest a fundamentally distinct quantum delayed choice experiment, in which the behavior of an atom is entangled with the amplitude of a coherent field, which acts as a genuine quantum beam splitter in the Ramsey interferometer. The quantum behavior of this beam splitter can be verified by the oscillation and negative values of its Wigner function. Our proposal not only offers a way around the Bell test obstacle, but also allows observation of the transition from the quantum to classical device.