标题： 行星系统与经过的恒星和双星相互作用的横截面 显示英文标题

标题： Cross Sections for Planetary Systems Interacting with Passing Stars and Binaries

摘要： 大多数行星系统是在恒星团中形成的，这些环境可以影响它们的特性。 本文研究了太阳系与经过的团簇成员之间的散射事件，并计算了相应的相互作用截面。 目标太阳系一般假定有四颗巨型行星，具有多种初始状态，包括具有我们行星的半长轴的圆形轨道、更紧凑的配置、具有多个平均运动共振的超紧凑状态以及拥有巨大行星的系统。 然后我们考虑了改变团簇速度弥散度、双星相对于单星的重要性、不同的恒星宿主质量以及行星轨道初始偏心率的影响。 对于初始系统的每种状态，我们都进行了一组数值散射实验，并确定了偏心率增加、倾角增加、行星逃逸和捕获的截面。 本文报告了超过200万次单独散射模拟的结果。 通过辅助分析考虑以及拟合函数到数值结果，我们找到了一个通用公式，该公式给出了截面作为恒星宿主质量、团簇速度弥散度、行星轨道初始半径和最终偏心率的函数。 由此得到的截面可以在各种应用中使用。 作为一个例子，我们重新审视了由于动力学散射对我们太阳系诞生星团的约束，并发现 $N<10^4$ （与先前估计一致）。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Most planetary systems are formed within stellar clusters, and these environments can shape their properties. This paper considers scattering encounters between solar systems and passing cluster members, and calculates the corresponding interaction cross sections. The target solar systems are generally assumed to have four giant planets, with a variety of starting states, including circular orbits with the semimajor axes of our planets, a more compact configuration, an ultra-compact state with multiple mean motion resonances, and systems with massive planets. We then consider the effects of varying the cluster velocity dispersion, the relative importance of binaries versus single stars, different stellar host masses, and finite starting eccentricities of the planetary orbits. For each state of the initial system, we perform an ensemble of numerical scattering experiments and determine the cross sections for eccentricity increase, inclination angle increase, planet ejection, and capture. This paper reports results from over 2 million individual scattering simulations. Using supporting analytic considerations, and fitting functions to the numerical results, we find a universal formula that gives the cross sections as a function of stellar host mass, cluster velocity dispersion, starting planetary orbital radius, and final eccentricity. The resulting cross sections can be used in a wide variety of applications. As one example, we revisit constraints on the birth aggregate of our Solar System due to dynamical scattering and find $N<10^4$ (consistent with previous estimates).