标题： 一种用于费米子原子的量子气体显微镜 显示英文标题

标题： A Quantum Gas Microscope for Fermionic Atoms

摘要： 强相互作用费米子定义了从原子核到现代固态材料和中子星的所有密度下复杂物质的特性。 超冷原子费米气体已成为研究多费米子系统的一个纯净平台。 在这里，我们实现了一个量子气体显微镜，用于探测光晶格中捕获的费米态$^{40}$K 原子，这使得能够在单个原子层面探测强关联费米子。 我们将三维拉曼边带冷却与高分辨率光学器件相结合，以在检测保真度高于$95\%$的情况下同时冷却并以单个晶格位点分辨率成像单个原子。 成像过程使每个原子主要处于其晶格位点的三维基态，从而可以实现麦克斯韦妖来组装低熵多体状态。 费米子的单位点分辨成像使得可以直接观察磁序、粒子相关性的传播时间分辨测量以及多费米子纠缠的检测。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Strongly interacting fermions define the properties of complex matter at all densities, from atomic nuclei to modern solid state materials and neutron stars. Ultracold atomic Fermi gases have emerged as a pristine platform for the study of many-fermion systems. Here we realize a quantum gas microscope for fermionic $^{40}$K atoms trapped in an optical lattice, which allows one to probe strongly correlated fermions at the single atom level. We combine 3D Raman sideband cooling with high-resolution optics to simultaneously cool and image individual atoms with single lattice site resolution at a detection fidelity above $95\%$. The imaging process leaves each atom predominantly in the 3D ground state of its lattice site, inviting the implementation of a Maxwell's demon to assemble low-entropy many-body states. Single site resolved imaging of fermions enables the direct observation of magnetic order, time resolved measurements of the spread of particle correlations, and the detection of many-fermion entanglement.