标题： 超导中子星中的磁场演化 显示英文标题

标题： Magnetic Field Evolution in Superconducting Neutron Stars

摘要： 成熟中子星核心存在超导和超流成分，这要求重新思考电阻率、感应方程、磁场能量以及磁通冻结等一系列关键的磁流体力学概念。 利用多流体磁流体力学框架，我们研究了当中子星物质由超流中子、II型超导质子和相对论电子组成时，磁场演化是如何被修改的。 作为这一框架的应用，我们推导出一个感应方程，其中电阻耦合来源于电子与中子和质子凝聚体的涡旋/磁通管阵列之间的相互摩擦。 由此得到的感应方程允许识别出两种时间尺度，它们与标准磁流体力学中的时间尺度显著不同。 这些结果的天体物理意义进行了简要讨论。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The presence of superconducting and superfluid components in the core of mature neutron stars calls for the rethinking of a number of key magnetohydrodynamical notions like resistivity, the induction equation, magnetic energy and flux-freezing. Using a multi-fluid magnetohydrodynamics formalism, we investigate how the magnetic field evolution is modified when neutron star matter is composed of superfluid neutrons, type-II superconducting protons and relativistic electrons. As an application of this framework, we derive an induction equation where the resistive coupling originates from the mutual friction between the electrons and the vortex/fluxtube arrays of the neutron and proton condensates. The resulting induction equation allows the identification of two timescales that are significantly different from those of standard magnetohydrodynamics. The astrophysical implications of these results are briefly discussed.