标题： 欧洲足球中的竞争力平衡测量与结果不确定性假设 显示英文标题

标题： Competitive balance measures and the Uncertainty of Outcome Hypothesis in European football

摘要： 竞争平衡是职业体育中的一个重要概念，也是欧洲足球必须面对的关键问题之一，以确保其长期繁荣。 然而，竞争平衡的量化并非易事。 这些困难主要与它的多维特性以及每种特定运动的结构有关。 本文使用了六个十年来八个国内联赛的数据，以确定一个能够全面反映欧洲足球竞争平衡的最佳指数。 研究结果支持了长期存在的比赛结果不确定性假设，并采用了为三个识别出的重要竞争水平设计的指数和提供排名权重模式的方法。 根据最佳指数的具体特征，可以得出关于竞争平衡不同方面相对重要性的关键结论。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Competitive balance is an important concept for professional sports and one of the key issues that European football has to address in order to ensure its long-term prosperity. However, the quantification of competitive balance is not an easy task. The difficulties are mainly associated with its multi-dimensionality character as well as the structure of each particular sport. This article uses data from eight domestic leagues over 60 years to identify the best index for a holistic view of competitive balance in European football. The findings support the longstanding Uncertainty of Outcome Hypothesis using indices designed for the important three identified levels of competition and offering a weighting pattern for ranking places. Important conclusions may be derived concerning the relative importance of different aspects of competitive balance depending on the specific features of the best index.