标题： 局域时间方案中标记性动力学涌现 显示英文标题

标题： Dynamical emergence of Markovianity in Local Time Scheme

摘要： 最近我们指出，所谓的局域时间方案是一种新颖的量子基础方法，解决了优选指针基问题。 本文引入并深入分析了该方案所施加的一个相当非标准的动力学映射。 一方面，该映射不允许引入一个适当地定义的演化生成元，也不表示一个量子信道。 另一方面，该映射是线性的、正定的、保迹的且单位化的，同时也是完全正定的，但它不可分，因此是非马尔可夫的。 尽管如此，我们提供了动态出现的时间粗粒化马尔可夫性、开放系统的精确动力学以及操作上定义的封闭或多粒子系统近似的动力学定量标准。 封闭系统永远不会达到稳态，而开放系统可能达到由吕底斯-冯·诺依曼公式给出的唯一稳态；开放系统的规模越小，达到稳态的速度就越快。 这些通用发现扩展了标准的开放量子系统理论，并实质性地解决了一些宇宙学问题。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Recently we pointed out the so-called Local Time Scheme as a novel approach to quantum foundations that solves the preferred pointer-basis problem. In this paper we introduce and analyze in depth a rather non-standard dynamical map that is imposed by the scheme. On one hand, the map does not allow for introducing a properly defined generator of the evolution nor does it represent a quantum channel. On the other hand, the map is linear, positive, trace preserving and unital as well as completely positive, but is not divisible and therefore non-Markovian. Nevertheless, we provide quantitative criteria for dynamical emergence of time-coarse-grained Markovianity, for exact dynamics of an open system, as well as for operationally-defined approximation of a closed or open many-particle system. A closed system never reaches a steady state, while an open system may reach a unique steady state given by the L\" uders-von Neumann formula; where the smaller the open system, the faster a steady state is attained. These generic findings extend the standard open quantum systems theory and substantially tackle certain cosmological issues.