标题： 动力摩擦与绕转主星系的卫星星系对宿主系统的刮擦 显示英文标题

标题： Dynamical friction and scratches of orbiting satellite galaxies on host systems

摘要： 我们研究了被称为主星的扩展系统对卫星系统的动态响应，这些卫星系统围绕主星运行，并使用高达十亿粒子的极高分辨率N体模拟。这种情况对应于宇宙层次结构形成场景中无处不在的小型合并事件。根据钱德拉塞卡（1943年），卫星沿着轨道产生密度尾流，尾流对卫星施加减速力，即动力学摩擦。本研究提出了一种分析模型来预测主星在密度分布中反映的动态响应，并发现了不仅有传统的尾流，还有以主星为中心的过密和欠密镜像。我们的高分辨率控制N体模拟验证了分析模型的预测。我们将我们的分析模型应用于附近相互作用星系对的动力学响应，包括银河系-大麦哲伦云系统以及M31-M33系统。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We study the dynamical response of extended systems, hosts, to smaller systems, satellites, orbiting around the hosts using extremely high-resolution N-body simulations with up to one billion particles. This situation corresponds to minor mergers which are ubiquitous in the scenario of hierarchical structure formation in the universe. According to Chandrasekhar (1943), satellites create density wakes along the orbit and the wakes cause a deceleration force on satellites, i.e. dynamical friction. This study proposes an analytical model to predict the dynamical response of hosts as reflected in their density distribution and finds not only traditional wakes but also mirror images of over- and underdensities centered on the host. Our controlled N-body simulations with high resolutions verify the predictions of the analytical model. We apply our analytical model to the expected dynamical response of nearby interacting galaxy pairs, the Milky Way - Large Magellanic Cloud system and the M31 - M33 system.