标题： 吸积黑洞光谱中的喷流特征 显示英文标题

标题： Jet Signatures in the Spectra of Accreting Black Holes

摘要： 喷流在活动星系核中表现为射电辐射，并在X射线双星（XRBs）的低硬态期间被观测到，但其在更高频率下的贡献一直不确定。 我们使用广义相对论磁流体力学代码HARM研究了XRBs中的喷流动力学。 我们使用基于grmonty的广义相对论辐射输运代码计算高能谱和变化特性。 我们发现以下喷流发射特征：(i) 在~10^22 Hz以上显著的伽马射线峰，(ii) 光学/紫外谱上的一个转折点，从L ~ ν^0到L ~ ν的变化，随后在更高的频率处出现另一个转折点，谱大致回到L ~ ν^0，以及(iii) 在~10^14 Hz附近或以下显著的同步辐射峰表明，任何观测到的X射线辐射中有很大一部分起源于喷流。 我们研究了大规模磁场反转期间的变化，在此过程中，Blandford-Znajek（BZ）喷流被抑制，重新连接场发射一个新的瞬时热再连接等离子体团。 伽马射线与X射线的比例从BZ喷流中的L_gamma / L_X > 1变为瞬时等离子体团发射期间的L_gamma / L_X < 1。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Jets are observed as radio emission in active galactic nuclei and during the low/hard state in X-ray binaries (XRBs), but their contribution at higher frequencies has been uncertain. We study the dynamics of jets in XRBs using the general-relativistic magnetohydrodynamic code HARM. We calculate the high-energy spectra and variability properties using a general-relativistic radiative transport code based on grmonty. We find the following signatures of jet emission (i) a significant gamma-ray peak above ~10^22 Hz, (ii) a break in the optical/UV spectrum, with a change in luminosity from L ~ nu^0 to L ~ nu, followed by another break at higher frequencies where the spectrum roughly returns to L ~ nu^0, and (iii) a pronounced synchrotron peak near or below ~10^14 Hz indicates that a significant fraction of any observed X-ray emission originates in the jet. We investigate the variability during a large-scale magnetic field inversion in which the Blandford-Znajek (BZ) jet is quenched and a new transient hot reconnecting plasmoid is launched by the reconnecting field. The ratio of the gamma-rays to X-rays changes from L_gamma / L_X > 1 in the BZ jet to L_gamma / L_X < 1 during the launching of the transient plasmoid.