标题： 关于非平衡统计力学中的最大熵原理 显示英文标题

标题： About the maximum entropy principle in non equilibrium statistical mechanics

摘要： 最大熵原理（MEP）显然允许我们推导或证明平衡统计力学的基本结果。 由于这一点，一种观点认为MEP是物理学和其他学科中进行预测的一种强大而优雅的方法，这构成了比传统统计力学方法更广泛和替代的方法。 实际上，仔细检查表明，这种成功是由于一系列特征性的有利事实，这些事实描述了平衡系统的物理特性，但在未由哈密顿动力学描述的情况或一般在非平衡现象中则不存在。 在这里，我们讨论非平衡统计力学中的几个重要例子，其中MEP导致了错误的预测，证明它没有预测性。 我们得出结论，在这些典型例子中，基于对相关动力学详细分析的传统方法是无法避免的。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The maximum entropy principle (MEP) apparently allows us to derive, or justify, fundamental results of equilibrium statistical mechanics. Because of this, a school of thought considers the MEP as a powerful and elegant way to make predictions in physics and other disciplines, which constitutes an alternative and more general method than the traditional ones of statistical mechanics. Actually, careful inspection shows that such a success is due to a series of fortunate facts that characterize the physics of equilibrium systems, but which are absent in situations not described by Hamiltonian dynamics, or generically in nonequilibrium phenomena. Here we discuss several important examples in non equilibrium statistical mechanics, in which the MEP leads to incorrect predictions, proving that it does not have a predictive nature. We conclude that, in these paradigmatic examples, the "traditional" methods based on a detailed analysis of the relevant dynamics cannot be avoided.