标题： AB系统中的 stationary 非线性波、叠加模式和调制不稳定性特征 显示英文标题

标题： Stationary nonlinear waves, superposition modes and modulational instability characteristics in the AB system

摘要： 我们研究了描述地转流中临界不稳定斜压波包的AB系统，以及非线性光学中的超短脉冲。 我们表明，呼吸子可以在常数背景上转化为不同类型的驻定非线性波，包括多峰孤子、M型孤子、W型孤子和周期波。 我们还研究了这些波之间的非线性相互作用，由于孤子的非传播特性，这些相互作用显示了一些新颖的模式：（1）两个反暗孤子可以产生一个W型孤子，而不是高阶反暗孤子；（2）反暗孤子与W型孤子的相互作用不仅可以生成高阶反暗孤子，还可以形成W型孤子对；（3）振荡W型孤子与振荡M型孤子之间的相互作用表现出多峰结构。 我们发现，在低扰动频率区域的调制稳定性区域内会发生这种转变。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We study the AB system describing marginally unstable baroclinic wave packets in geophysical fluids and also ultra-short pulses in nonlinear optics. We show that the breather can be converted into different types of stationary nonlinear waves on constant backgrounds, including the multi-peak soliton, M-shaped soliton, W-shaped soliton and periodic wave. We also investigate the nonlinear interactions between these waves, which display some novel patterns due to the non-propagating characteristics of the solitons: (1) Two antidark solitons can produce a W-shaped soliton instead of a higher-order antidark one, (2) The interaction between an antidark soliton and a W-shaped soliton can not only generate a higher-order antidark soliton, but also form a W-shaped solion pair, (3) The interactions between an oscillation W-shaped soliton and an oscillation M-shaped soliton show the multipeak structures. We find that the transition occurs at a modulational stability region in a low perturbation frequency region.