标题： 中子星中对称能与 excluded volume 校正之间在直接 Urca 冷却约束下的相互作用 显示英文标题

标题： Interplay between Symmetry Energy and Excluded Volume Corrections under the Direct Urca Cooling Constraint in Neutron Stars

摘要： 对状态方程的对称能部分以及排除体积校正对于中子星内部结构和组成起着重要作用，即对于重子密度和质子分数分布轮廓的影响。虽然对称能唯一地决定了质子分数，但排除体积效应控制了中子星内部的最大密度值。冷却中子星的观测表明，快速直接Urca冷却过程对于典型低质量的中子星不起作用，这表明质子分数低于直接Urca冷却过程开始的阈值。这反过来限制了中子星内部可接受的密度范围，可能需要排除体积校正。在这次贡献中，我们讨论了为了满足直接Urca冷却约束条件所需的快速冷却、对称能以及状态方程的排除体积校正之间的相互作用。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Both the symmetry energy part and excluded volume corrections to the equation of state play an important role for the neutron star interior structure and composition, namely for the profile of the baryon density and the proton fraction. While the symmetry energy uniquely determines the proton fraction, excluded volume effects control the maximum density values inside neutron stars. Observations of cooling neutron stars indicate that the fast direct Urca cooling is not operative for the typical, low mass stars, pointing at proton fractions that lie below the threshold for the onset of direct Urca cooling process. This in turn, restricts the density range admissible in neutron star interiors and may require an excluded volume correction. In this contribution we discuss the interplay between fast cooling, symmetry energy and excluded volume corrections to the equation of state that would be required to fulfil the direct Urca cooling constraint.