标题： 激光光谱中高电荷锂-like 离子的量子干涉 显示英文标题

标题： Quantum interference in laser spectroscopy of highly charged lithiumlike ions

摘要： 我们研究高电荷离子中能量相近状态之间的量子干涉引起的位移，能量结构通过激光光谱学进行观察。 在本工作中，我们关注锂-like 重-$Z$同位素的超精细状态，并量化量子干涉对观测到的跃迁频率的影响。 对于跃迁$2s\rightarrow2p\rightarrow2s$的光子激发和随后的光子衰减过程，采用完全相对论和全多重项框架，这些框架适用于此类相对论原子系统。 我们考虑同位素$^{207}$Pb$^{79+}$和$^{209}$Bi$^{80+}$，由于实验兴趣，以及其它具有较低$Z$的同位素例子，即$^{141}$Pr$^{56+}$和$^{165}$Ho$^{64+}$。 我们得出结论，如果忽略共振之间的干涉，量子干涉可以在所考虑同位素的可测量共振中引起高达共振线宽11%的位移。相对论的引入由于电偶极多极子的完全迟滞形式，使截面减少了35%。然而，下一个更高阶的多极子（例如磁四极子）对截面的贡献可以忽略不计。这使得相对论和高阶多极子对量子干涉引起的位移的影响变得微不足道，即使对于重的$Z$元素也是如此。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We investigate the quantum interference induced shifts between energetically close states in highly charged ions, with the energy structure being observed by laser spectroscopy. In this work, we focus on hyperfine states of lithiumlike heavy-$Z$ isotopes and quantify how much quantum interference changes the observed transition frequencies. The process of photon excitation and subsequent photon decay for the transition $2s\rightarrow2p\rightarrow2s$ is implemented with fully relativistic and full-multipole frameworks, which are relevant for such relativistic atomic systems. We consider the isotopes $^{207}$Pb$^{79+}$ and $^{209}$Bi$^{80+}$ due to experimental interest, as well as other examples of isotopes with lower $Z$, namely $^{141}$Pr$^{56+}$ and $^{165}$Ho$^{64+}$. We conclude that quantum interference can induce shifts up to 11% of the linewidth in the measurable resonances of the considered isotopes, if interference between resonances is neglected. The inclusion of relativity decreases the cross section by 35%, mainly due to the complete retardation form of the electric dipole multipole. However, the contribution of the next higher multipoles (e.g. magnetic quadrupole) to the cross section is negligible. This makes the contribution of relativity and higher-order multipoles to the quantum interference induced shifts a minor effect, even for heavy-$Z$ elements.