标题： 捕捉和逆向量子跳跃以及量子轨迹的热力学 显示英文标题

标题： Catching and reversing quantum jumps and thermodynamics of quantum trajectories

摘要： Minev 等人 [arXiv:1803.00545] 最近的一项实验表明，在一个耗散的（人工）三能级原子中，由于其动力学具有强烈的间歇性，可以在“量子跃迁半途”捕获并逆转这一跃迁：通过在无跳跃发生固定时间后的条件性施加一个幺正扰动，系统被阻止进入暗态，从而去除了动力学中的间歇性。 在这里，我们用开放量子动力学的动力学大偏差形式化方法来解释这一现象。 在这种方法中，间歇性被视为活跃和非活跃动力学相的第一阶共存。 因此，暗期就像活跃相中的非活跃相时空泡。 在这里，我们考虑通过在无跳跃期间（单次，如同实验那样，或多此）应用一个幺正控制脉冲来进行受控动力学。 通过考虑发射的大偏差统计量，我们证明了适当选择控制可以稳定所需的动力学相并去除间歇性。 在热力学类比中，控制的效果就像是刺破气泡，从而防止表现出相共存的涨落。 我们讨论了更广泛设置下的类似受控动力学。 显示英文摘要

摘要： A recent experiment by Minev et. al [arXiv:1803.00545] demonstrated that in a dissipative (artificial) 3-level atom with strongly intermittent dynamics it is possible to "catch and reverse" a quantum jump "mid-flight": by the conditional application of a unitary perturbation after a fixed time with no jumps, the system was prevented from getting shelved in the dark state, thus removing the intermittency from the dynamics. Here we offer an interpretation of this phenomenon in terms of the dynamical large deviation formalism for open quantum dynamics. In this approach, intermittency is seen as the first-order coexistence of active and inactive dynamical phases. Dark periods are thus like space-time bubbles of the inactive phase in the active one. Here we consider a controlled dynamics via the (single - as in the experiment - or multiple) application of a unitary control pulse during no-jump periods. By considering the large deviation statistics of the emissions, we show that appropriate choice of the control allows to stabilise a desired dynamical phase and remove the intermittency. In the thermodynamic analogy, the effect of the control is to prick bubbles thus preventing the fluctuations that manifest phase coexistence. We discuss similar controlled dynamics in broader settings.