标题： 使用贝叶斯统计的无质量标量-张量理论对双脉冲星的约束 显示英文标题

标题： Binary Pulsar constraints on massless scalar-tensor theories using Bayesian statistics

摘要： 双脉冲星提供了一些对修改引力理论的最严格的当前限制，而随着射电天文学家继续对这些系统进行计时，这些限制只会变得更紧。 这些双脉冲星特别擅长约束标量-张量理论，在该理论中，除了度规张量外，重力还由一个标量场介导。 由于允许通过一种称为标量化现象违反强等效原理的事实，标量-张量理论可以预测与广义相对论相比的大偏差。 这种效应直接出现在双脉冲星的计时模型中，因此，它可以通过精确计时来受到严格约束。 在本文中，我们研究了两种标量-张量理论和一组大型现实状态方程的这些限制。 我们计算了可以通过饱和当前单个后开普勒参数的 $1\sigma$ 限制来施加的约束，同时使用马尔可夫链蒙特卡洛模拟通过贝叶斯方法探索了当考虑所有测量参数时可以实现的约束。 我们的结果显示这两种方法都能施加类似的约束，并且它们确实都由轨道周期衰减的测量值主导。 然而，贝叶斯方法允许同时探索理论参数和质量的后验分布。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Binary pulsars provide some of the tightest current constraints on modified theories of gravity and these constraints will only get tighter as radio astronomers continue timing these systems. These binary pulsars are particularly good at constraining scalar-tensor theories in which gravity is mediated by a scalar field in addition to the metric tensor. Scalar-tensor theories can predict large deviations from General Relativity due to the fact that they allow for violation of the strong-equivalence principle through a phenomenon known as scalarization. This effect appears directly in the timing model for binary pulsars, and as such, it can be tightly constrained through precise timing. In this paper, we investigate these constraints for two scalar-tensor theories and a large set of realistic equations of state. We calculate the constraints that can be placed by saturating the current $1\sigma$ bounds on single post-Keplerian parameters, as well as employing Bayesian methods through Markov-Chain-Monte-Carlo simulations to explore the constraints that can be achieved when one considers all measured parameters simultaneously. Our results demonstrate that both methods are able to place similar constraints and that they are both indeed dominated by the measurements of the orbital period decay. The Bayesian approach, however, allows one to simultaneously explore the posterior distributions of not only the theory parameters but of the masses as well.