标题： 解密$R_{Ψ_{m}}$关联函数以在相对论重离子碰撞中寻找手征磁效应 显示英文标题

标题： Decipher the $R_{Ψ_{m}}$ correlator in search for the chiral magnetic effect in relativistic heavy ion collisions

摘要： 背景：手征磁效应（CME）在RHIC和LHC的重离子碰撞中被广泛研究。 一个称为 $R_{\Psi_{m}}$ 的方位关联量被提出用于测量CME。 通过观察来自A Multi-Phase 传输（AMPT）模型的相同 $R_{\Psi_{2}}$ 和 $R_{\Psi_{3}}$ （凸形）分布，通过对比数据与模型以及大系统和小系统以及事件形状工程（ESE），STAR的一篇预印本 (arXiv:2006.04251v1) 表示， $R_{\Psi_{m}}$ 观测量对CME信号敏感，而对背景相对不敏感，他们的Au+Au数据与已知的背景贡献不一致。 目的：我们通过使用AMPT以及玩具模型模拟来研究 $R_{\Psi_{m}}$ 观测量的鲁棒性。 我们将 $R_{\Psi_{m}}$ 与更常用的 $\Delta\gamma$ 方位关联量进行比较，以识别它们的共性和差异。 方法：我们使用AMPT模拟金-金、质子-金和氘-金在$\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 200 \text{ GeV}$的碰撞，并研究$R_{\Psi_{m}}$在模型中对各向异性流背景的响应。我们还使用一个玩具模型来模拟共振流背景并输入CME信号，以研究它们的影响在$R_{\Psi_{2}}$中。此外，我们使用该玩具模型进行ESE分析，以与STAR数据比较，并预测$R_{\Psi_{2}}$对等质量核碰撞的敏感度，基于在RHIC获取的事件统计数据。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Background: The chiral magnetic effect (CME) is extensively studied in heavy-ion collisions at RHIC and the LHC. An azimuthal correlator called $R_{\Psi_{m}}$ was proposed to measure the CME. By observing the same $R_{\Psi_{2}}$ and $R_{\Psi_{3}}$ (convex) distributions from A Multi-Phase Transport (AMPT) model, by contrasting data and model as well as large and small systems and by event shape engineering (ESE), a recent preprint (arXiv:2006.04251v1) from STAR suggests that the $R_{\Psi_{m}}$ observable is sensitive to the CME signal and relatively insensitive to backgrounds, and their Au+Au data are inconsistent with known background contributions. Purpose: We examine those claims by studying the robustness of the $R_{\Psi_{m}}$ observable using AMPT as well as toy model simulations. We compare $R_{\Psi_{m}}$ to the more widely used $\Delta\gamma$ azimuthal correlator to identify their commonalities and differences. Methods: We use AMPT to simulate Au+Au, p+Au, and d+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 200 \text{ GeV}$, and study the responses of $R_{\Psi_{m}}$ to anisotropic flow backgrounds in the model. We also use a toy model to simulate resonance flow background and input CME signal to investigate their effects in $R_{\Psi_{2}}$. Additionally we use the toy model to perform an ESE analysis to compare to STAR data as well as predict the degree of sensitivity of $R_{\Psi_{2}}$ to isobar collisions with the event statistics taken at RHIC. ...