标题： 小卫星在天文学中的未来 显示英文标题

标题： The future of astronomy with small satellites

摘要： 过去十年中，小型卫星的数量大幅增长，从2010年代中期每年数十颗增加到预计到2020年代中期将在轨数万颗。 这对观测天文学既带来了问题，也带来了机遇。 小型卫星为地面天文学和更大的空间任务提供了互补的低成本能力。 与地面天文学相比，这些优势不仅在于能够探测地球大气不透明的波长范围，还在于稳定的高精度测光、长期监测和改进的面积覆盖。 天文学长期以来，新的观测参数空间导致了重大发现。 本文讨论小型卫星在天体物理学中探索新参数空间的潜力，结合当前和计划中的任务实例，并涵盖从双星、系外行星和太阳系科学到早期宇宙和基本物理的广泛科学目标。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The number of small satellites has grown dramatically in the past decade from tens of satellites per year in the mid-2010s to a projection of tens of thousands in orbit by the mid-2020s. This presents both problems and opportunities for observational astronomy. Small satellites offer complementary cost-effective capabilities to both ground-based astronomy and larger space missions. Compared to ground-based astronomy, these advantages are not just in the accessibility of wavelength ranges where the Earth's atmosphere is opaque, but also in stable, high precision photometry, long-term monitoring and improved areal coverage. Astronomy has a long history of new observational parameter spaces leading to major discoveries. Here we discuss the potential for small satellites to explore new parameter spaces in astrophysics, drawing on examples from current and proposed missions, and spanning a wide range of science goals from binary stars, exoplanets and solar system science to the early Universe and fundamental physics.