标题： 约翰·惠勒是如何失去对规律的信心的 显示英文标题

标题： How John Wheeler lost his faith in the law

摘要： 1972年，在庆祝保罗·狄拉克70岁生日的一次会议上，约翰·惠勒宣称：“物理定律所构建的框架对于人们曾经称之为物理定律的一切都崩溃了。” 导致“物理定律之间这种‘断裂’”的是广义相对论，更具体地说是它预言了质量巨大的恒星会引力坍缩成“黑洞”，而“黑洞”这一术语正是惠勒本人几年前普及开来的。 在本文中，我们探讨了惠勒是如何得出引力坍缩质疑物理学定律性的结论的，以及随后他如何尝试发展一种新的世界观，用自己的方式重新思考量子力学的教训，并从其他学科（尤其是生物学）中汲取灵感。 显示英文摘要

摘要： In 1972, at a symposium celebrating the 70th birthday of Paul Dirac, John Wheeler proclaimed that "the framework falls down for everything that one has ever called a law of physics". Responsible for this "breakage [...] among the laws of physics" was the general theory of relativity, more specifically its prediction of massive stars gravitationally collapsing to "black holes", a term Wheeler himself had made popular some years earlier. In our paper, we investigate how Wheeler reached the conclusion that gravitational collapse calls into question the lawfulness of physics and how, subsequently, he tried to develop a new worldview, rethinking in his own way the lessons of quantum mechanics as well as drawing inspiration from other disciplines, not least biology.