标题： 农村印度的庇护与权力：基于互动网络的研究 显示英文标题

标题： Patronage and power in rural India: a study based on interaction networks

摘要： 这项工作有两个相互关联的组成部分：首先，作为一项研究计划的一部分，它介绍了一种新的方法来识别发展中国家农村社会中的“权力中心”，然后将其应用于当代印度农村的具体背景下，以解决关于印度农村权力动态的一些争论。 我们根据我们自己收集的原始数据（2013年和2014年）确定了“本地”农村机构的性质。 我们在马哈拉施特拉邦、奥迪沙邦和北方邦选取了36个村庄——每个邦12个——作为观察和数据收集的地点。 我们从家庭在经济、社会和政治领域的日常互动数据中量化机构的性质。 我们的家庭调查表明，不同地区的力量结构存在显著差异。 我们在36个村庄中识别出22个村庄存在“本地精英”。 我们进行了一项后续调查，称为“精英调查”，以获得有关所识别精英家庭的详细信息。 我们观察到地主制已经大大削弱，土地已不再是权力的唯一来源，新的权力中心已经出现。 尽管发生了这些变化，种姓、土地所有权和保护人-客户关系仍然是农村权力结构的三个重要支柱。 显示英文摘要

摘要： This work has two intertwined components: first, as part of a research programme it introduces a new methodology for identifying `power-centres' in rural societies of developing countries in general and then applies that in the specific context of contemporary rural India for addressing some debates on the dynamics of power in rural India. We identify the nature of `local' rural institutions based on primary data collected by ourselves (in 2013 and 2014). We took 36 villages in the states of Maharashtra, Odisha and Uttar Pradesh - 12 in each of these states - as the sites for our observation and data collection. We quantify nature of institutions from data on the day-to-day interactions of households in the spheres of economy, society and politics. Our household survey shows that there is substantial variation in power structure across regions. We identified the presence of `local elites' in 22 villages out of 36 surveyed. We conducted a follow-up survey, called `elite survey', to get detailed information about the identified elite households. We observe that landlordism has considerably weakened, land has ceased to be the sole source of power and new power-centres have emerged. Despite these changes, caste, landownership and patron-client relation continue to be three important pillars of rural power structure.