标题： 广延大气簇射阵列的不同背景估计方法对比研究 显示英文标题

标题： A comparative study on different background estimation methods for extensive air shower arrays

摘要： 背景估计在TeV伽马射线天文学研究中对于广延大气簇射阵列来说是必不可少的。在这项工作中，通过应用四种不同的方法，包括等方位角法、周围窗口法、直接积分法和时间置换法，计算了背景事件的数量。基于模拟样本，确定了不同背景估计方法中过量信号的统计显著性。接着，我们讨论了这四种方法在不同条件下的局限性和适用性。在假设探测器稳定性且存在信号的情况下，上述四种方法的结果在1西格玛水平上一致。在没有信号的情况下，当探测器的接受度随空间和时间变化时，周围窗口法最为稳定，几乎不受影响。在这种接受度假设下，我们发现直接积分法和时间置换法中的背景估计对时间窗口的选择敏感，并且较短的时间窗口可以在一定程度上减少对背景估计的影响。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Background estimation is essential when studying TeV gamma-ray astronomy for extensive air shower arrays. In this work, by applying four applying four different methods including equi-zenith angle method, surrounding window method, direct integration method, and time-swapping method, the number of the background events is calculated. Based on simulation samples, the statistical significance of the excess signal from different background estimation methods is determined. Following this, we discuss the limits and the applicability of the four methods under different conditions. Under the detector stability assumption with signal, the results from the above four methods are consistent at the 1 sigma level. In the no signal condition, when the acceptance of the detector changes with both space and time, the surrounding window method is most stable and hardly affected. In this acceptance assumption, we find that the background estimation in the direct integration and time-swapping methods are sensitive to the selection of time window, and the shorter time window can reduce the impact on the background estimation to some extent.