标题： 输入速率控制在随机道路交通网络中：有效带宽 显示英文标题

标题： Input Rate Control in Stochastic Road Traffic Networks: Effective Bandwidths

摘要： 在道路交通网络中，大的交通流量可能导致极端的延误。 这些严重的延误是由于当道路的最大容量接近时，速度会迅速下降。 因此，本文的重点是实时控制交通输入速率，从而旨在防止这种有害的容量下降。 为了考虑由于交通流内部和之间的异质性，道路可用容量受到随机性的影响，我们引入了一个随机流模型，该模型描述了交通输入流对可用道路容量的影响。 然后，利用与电信网络交通控制的相似性，在电信网络中，可用带宽是输入速率的随机函数，并且有效带宽的使用已被证明是一种有效的输入速率控制框架，我们提出了一种基于有效带宽概念的类似交通速率控制策略。 该策略允许在网络接入边界增加等待时间，以限制网络内出现大延误的概率。 数值示例表明，通过应用这种控制策略，容量违规确实很少见，而且与网络中未受控的延迟相比，网络边界的等待时间增加的规模要小得多。 显示英文摘要

摘要： In road traffic networks, large traffic volumes may lead to extreme delays. These severe delays are caused by the fact that, whenever the maximum capacity of a road is approached, speeds drop rapidly. Therefore, the focus in this paper is on real-time control of traffic input rates, thereby aiming to prevent such detrimental capacity drops. To account for the fact that, by the heterogeneity within and between traffic streams, the available capacity of a road suffers from randomness, we introduce a stochastic flow model that describes the impact of traffic input streams on the available road capacities. Then, exploiting similarities with traffic control of telecommunication networks, in which the available bandwidth is a stochastic function of the input rate, and in which the use of effective bandwidths have proven an effective input rate control framework, we propose a similar traffic rate control policy based on the concept of effective bandwidths. This policy allows for increased waiting times at the access boundaries of the network, so as to limit the probability of large delays within the network. Numerical examples show that, by applying such a control policy capacity violations are indeed rare, and that the increased waiting at the boundaries of the network is of much smaller scale, compared to uncontrolled delays in the network.