标题： 电解质溶液中的静电势映射 显示英文标题

标题： Mapping electrostatic potential in electrolyte solution

摘要： 映射电解质溶液中离子周围的静电势（ESP）分布对于建立对电解质溶液性质的微观理解至关重要。 在体相溶液中，尚无法在埃尺度上测量ESP分布。 在这里，我们展示了一种使用最先进的相对论电子束的液体电子散射实验，可用于测量水溶液中LiCl、KCl和KI的德拜屏蔽长度，在广泛的浓度范围内进行测量。 我们观察到，在低浓度下德拜屏蔽长度是长程的，在高浓度下是短程的，为几十年来关于离子在水中影响是长程还是短程的争论提供了关键见解。 此外，我们表明测量的ESP可以用来检索电解质溶液的非局部介电函数，这可以作为研究特殊离子效应静电起源的有前途的途径。 我们的观察结果表明，相互作用作为理解电解质溶液的两个基本视角之一，可以提供比结构更丰富的信息。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Mapping the electrostatic potential (ESP) distribution around ions in electrolyte solution is crucial for the establishment of a microscopic understanding of electrolyte solution properties. For solutions in the bulk phase, it has not been possible to measure the ESP distribution on Angstrom scale. Here we show that liquid electron scattering experiment using state-of-the-art relativistic electron beam can be used to measure the Debye screening length of aqueous LiCl, KCl, and KI solutions across a wide range of concentrations. We observe that the Debye screening length is long-ranged at low concentration and short-ranged at high concentration, providing key insight into the decades-long debate over whether the impact of ions in water is long-ranged or short-ranged. In addition, we show that the measured ESP can be used to retrieve the non-local dielectric function of electrolyte solution, which can serve as a promising route to investigate the electrostatic origin of special ion effects. Our observations show that, interaction, as one of the two fundamental perspectives for understanding electrolyte solution, can provide much richer information than structure.