标题： 用于在OpenFOAM中使用对称保持离散的大涡模拟的最小耗散模型 显示英文标题

标题： Minimum-dissipation model for large-eddy simulation using symmetry-preserving discretization in OpenFOAM

摘要： 最小耗散模型被应用于通道流动至$Re_\tau = 2000$，圆柱体后的流动至$Re=3900$，以及周期性山丘上的流动至$Re=10595$。 数值模拟是在基于有限体积方法的 OpenFOAM 中进行的。 我们在结构化网格上使用了 OpenFOAM 中的对称保持和标准二阶精度离散方法。 结果与 DNS 和实验数据进行了比较。 通道流动的结果表明，静态 QR 模型的表现与动态模型相当，同时降低了计算成本。 模型常数$C=0.024$提供了最准确的预测，随着网格分辨率的增加，亚网格模型的贡献减少，并且如果使用精细网格，其贡献变得非常小（小于 0.2 分子粘度）。 此外，QR 模型能够在不使用壁面阻尼函数的情况下准确预测到$Re_\tau = 2000$的平均速度和均方根速度。 对称保持离散方法在$Re_\tau=1000$处优于标准的 OpenFOAM 离散方法。 圆柱体流动的结果表明，平均速度、阻力系数和升力系数与实验数据有良好的一致性，且与 QR 模型结合的中心差分方案预测结果更好。 针对周期性山丘流动进行的各种比较表明，在 OpenFOAM 中需要结合最小耗散模型使用中心差分方案。 最佳模型常数再次是$C=0.024$。 单个风力涡轮机模拟显示，QR 模型能够准确预测复杂旋转情况下的结果。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The minimum-dissipation model is applied to channel flow up to $Re_\tau = 2000$, flow past a circular cylinder at $Re=3900$, and flow over periodic hills at $Re=10595$. Numerical simulations were performed in OpenFOAM which is based on the finite volume methods. We used both symmetry-preserving and standard second-order accurate discretization methods in OpenFOAM on structured meshes. The results are compared to DNS and experimental data. The results of channel flow demonstrate a static QR model performs equally well as the dynamic models while reducing the computational cost. The model constant of $C=0.024$ gives the most accurate prediction, and the contribution of the sub-grid model decreases with the increase of the mesh resolution and becomes very small (less than 0.2 molecular viscosity) if a fine mesh is used. Furthermore, the QR model is able to predict the mean and rms velocity accurately up to $Re_\tau = 2000$ without a wall damping function. The symmetry-preserving discretization outperforms the standard OpenFOAM discretization at $Re_\tau=1000$. The results for the flow over a cylinder show that the mean velocity, drag coefficient, and lift coefficient are in good agreement with the experimental data and the central difference schemes conjugated with the QR model predict better results. The various comparisons carried out for flows over periodic hills demonstrate the need to use central difference schemes in OpenFOAM in combination with the minimum dissipation model. The best model constant is again $C=0.024$. The single wind turbine simulation shows that the QR model is capable of predicting accurate results in complex rotating scenarios.