标题： 揭示黑洞光线的新兴弦理论假设 显示英文标题

标题： Shedding black hole light on the emergent string conjecture

摘要： 当接近无限距离极限时，无质量级数的粒子在弦景观中是普遍存在的。 由于弦对偶性的显著特性，它们总是包含Kaluza-Klein态或弱耦合、渐近张力为零的临界弦的高自旋激发态。 轻粒子级数与小黑洞之间的联系促使人们寻求这种二分法的自上而下解释，称为涌现弦猜想。 在本文中，我们向这一方向迈出了第一步，从对应的小黑洞热力学图景的一致性出发，探索轻粒子级数的自上而下约束。 这些约束揭示了量子引力中允许的级数，并且在将它们与来自微扰引力子散射的单位性和因果性约束相结合时，它们提供了对涌现弦情景的证据，而无需参考特定的紫外完成。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Asymptotically massless towers of species are ubiquitous in the string landscape when infinite-distance limits are approached. Due to the remarkable properties of string dualities, they always comprise Kaluza-Klein states or higher-spin excitations of weakly coupled, asymptotically tensionless critical strings. The connection between towers of light species and small black holes warrants seeking a bottom-up rationale for this dichotomoy, dubbed emergent string conjecture. In this paper we move a first step in this direction, exploring bottom-up constraints on towers of light species motivated purely from the consistency of the corresponding thermodynamic picture for small black holes. These constraints shed light on the allowed towers in quantum gravity, and, upon combining them with unitarity and causality constraints from perturbative graviton scattering, they provide evidence for the emergent string scenario with no reference to a specific ultraviolet completion.