标题： 电子捕获中$Q$值的潘宁陷阱测量，用于确定电子中微子质量的$^{163}\mathrm{Ho}$ 显示英文标题

标题： Penning-trap measurement of the $Q$-value of the electron capture in $^{163}\mathrm{Ho}$ for the determination of the electron neutrino mass

摘要： 对有效中微子质量绝对尺度的研究仍然具有挑战性，因为中微子与粒子物理标准模型中所有已知粒子之间仅通过弱相互作用。目前，通过分析氚的\b{eta}-衰变，KATRIN实验对电子反中微子质量设定了最精确且模型依赖性最小的上限。另一种有前景的方法是$^{163}\mathrm{Ho}$中的电子捕获，该方法正在通过ECHo和HOLMES合作组织使用微热量计进行研究。对该过程独立测量的Q值对于评估中微子质量测定中的系统不确定性至关重要。在这里，我们报告了通过在潘宁阱实验\textsc{五重陷阱}中测量高电荷离子$^{163}\mathrm{Ho}$和$^{163}\mathrm{Dy}$的自由空间回旋频率比，直接且独立地确定了这一$Q$-值。 将这一比值与电子结合能的原子物理计算相结合，得到一个$Q$值为$2863.2(0.6)\,\mathrm{eV}/c^{2}$ ——这比目前最先进的水平提高了50倍以上。 这将使从$^{163}\mathrm{Ho}$的电子捕获分析中确定电子中微子质量达到亚电子伏特级别成为可能。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The investigation of the absolute scale of the effective neutrino mass remains challenging due to the exclusively weak interaction of neutrinos with all known particles in the standard model of particle physics. Currently, the most precise and least model-dependent upper limit on the electron antineutrino mass is set by the KATRIN experiment from the analysis of the tritium \b{eta}-decay. Another promising approach is the electron capture in $^{163}\mathrm{Ho}$, which is under investigation using microcalorimetry within the ECHo and HOLMES collab orations. An independently measured Q-value of this process is vital for the assessment of systematic uncertainties in the neutrino mass determination. Here, we report a direct, independent determination of this $Q$-value by measuring the free-space cyclotron frequency ratio of highly charged ions of $^{163}\mathrm{Ho}$ and $^{163}\mathrm{Dy}$ in the Penning trap experiment \textsc{Pentatrap}. Combining this ratio with atomic physics calculations of the electronic binding energies yields a $Q$-value of $2863.2(0.6)\,\mathrm{eV}/c^{2}$ - a more than 50-fold improvement over the state-of-the-art. This will enable the determination of the electron neutrino mass on a sub-eV level from the analysis of the electron capture in $^{163}\mathrm{Ho}$.