标题： 异常卡西米尔效应在膨胀环中 显示英文标题

标题： Anomalous Casimir effect in an expanding ring

摘要： 卡西米尔效应是真空量子性质的宏观证据，它由空间或时间的边界条件触发。 对于环上的无质量场，一个可实验研究的宇宙膨胀模型，卡西米尔效应通过与环半径相关的修正改变基态能量。 在本工作中，我们表明，当环的半径增加得足够快时，环的能量和压力会获得额外且显著的修正。 这种效应不同于动态卡西米尔效应：它是共形异常的表现，起源于环几何随时间演变引起的时空曲率。 这种异常的卡西米尔效应可以通过增加环尺寸所需的功来测量，该功随时间呈现非单调变化。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The Casimir effect is macroscopic evidence of the quantum nature of the vacuum, and it is triggered by boundary conditions in space or time. For a massless field on a ring, an experimentally accessible model of an expanding universe, the Casimir effect changes the groundstate energy through a correction that depends on the ring's radius. In this work, we show that the ring's energy and pressure acquire additional, sizable corrections, when the ring's radius is increased fast enough. This effect is distinct from the dynamical Casimir effect: it is a manifestation of the conformal anomaly, originating from the spacetime curvature induced by the evolution in time of the ring's geometry. This anomalous Casimir effect is measurable through the work necessary to increase the ring size, which becomes non-monotonous in time.