标题： 通过神经网络推断出的 $M_B$ 的可能晚期转变 显示英文标题

标题： A possible late-time transition of $M_B$ inferred via neural networks

摘要： 宇宙学参数中的张力加剧导致标准宇宙学的基本方面被重新考虑。 哈勃常数的张力也可以被视为局部和早期宇宙对Ia型超新星绝对星等 $M_B$ 的约束之间的一种张力。 在这项工作中，我们以模型无关的方式重新考虑了这个参数变化的可能性。 我们利用神经网络来随意约束绝对星等的值，并评估从Pantheon+数据集随红移变化的 $M_B$ 的影响及其统计显著性，同时对神经网络架构进行了彻底分析。 我们发现在 $z\approx 1$ 区域可能存在一个转换红移。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The strengthening of tensions in the cosmological parameters has led to a reconsideration of fundamental aspects of standard cosmology. The tension in the Hubble constant can also be viewed as a tension between local and early Universe constraints on the absolute magnitude $M_B$ of Type Ia supernova. In this work, we reconsider the possibility of a variation of this parameter in a model-independent way. We employ neural networks to agnostically constrain the value of the absolute magnitude as well as assess the impact and statistical significance of a variation in $M_B$ with redshift from the Pantheon+ compilation, together with a thorough analysis of the neural network architecture. We find an indication for a possible transition redshift at the $z\approx 1$ region.