标题： 引力粒子产生与哈勃张力 显示英文标题

标题： Gravitational particle production and the Hubble tension

摘要： 考虑标量粒子引力产生对总有效宇宙能量密度的影响（从光子解耦时代到目前的时代）。 该效应对重粒子来说意义重大。 研究发现，引力粒子产生会导致直接测量的哈勃常数 $H_0$ 值的有效增加，但它不会影响用于计算当前时期重子数密度（进而计算复合红移）的哈勃常数值。 这或许可以解释为何由局部测量和非局部测量（如CMB）确定的哈勃常数存在差异。 这表明引力粒子产生可能对 $H_0$ 张力产生了不可忽略的影响。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The effect of gravitational particle production of scalar particles on the total effective cosmic energy density (in the era after photon decoupling till the present) is considered. The effect is significant for heavy particles. It is found that gravitational particle production results in an effective increase in the directly measured value of the Hubble constant $H_0$ while it does not affect the value of the Hubble constant in the calculation of the number density of baryons at present time that is used to calculate recombination redshift. This may explain why the Hubble constant determined by local measurements and non-local measurements (such as CMB) are different. This suggests that gravitational particle production may have a non-negligible impact on the $H_0$ tension.