标题： QCD手征相变中临界行为的微观起源 显示英文标题

标题： Microscopic Origin of Criticality at Macroscale in QCD Chiral Phase Transition

摘要： 我们揭示了 QCD 中宏尺度手性相变的临界性源于其基本组成成分——夸克的微观能级。我们建立了手性序参量（即手征凝聚）的累积量与夸克能级（即无质量狄拉克算符的本征谱）之间的相关性之间的一种新关系，这自然导致了班克斯-卡谢关系的推广。 基于这种新关系并通过使用HISQ作用量在手性相变附近具有不同轻夸克质量的(2+1)味格点QCD计算，我们证明了狄拉克本征谱红外部分的相关性表现出与手征凝聚累积量所期望的相同普适标度行为。 我们发现这些普适标度行为可以扩展到上夸克和下夸克的质量物理值。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We reveal that the criticality of the chiral phase transition in QCD at the macroscale arises from the microscopic energy levels of its fundamental constituents, the quarks. We establish a novel relation between cumulants of the chiral order parameter (i.e., chiral condensate) and correlations among the energy levels of quarks (i.e., eigenspectra of the massless Dirac operator), which naturally leads to a generalization of the Banks-Casher relation. Based on this novel relation and through (2+1)-flavor lattice QCD calculations using the HISQ action with varying light quark masses in the vicinity of the chiral phase transition, we demonstrate that the correlations among the infrared part of the Dirac eigenspectra exhibit same universal scaling behaviors as expected of the cumulants of the chiral condensate. We find that these universal scaling behaviors extend up to the physical values of the up and down quark masses.